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GYNECOLOGICAL OPERATIONS

Do You Understand Your Body?

Why does medicine not work for all diseases?

When is it necessary to have an operation?


GYNECOLOGICAL OPERATIONS IN PERSPECTIVE

This page provides basic knowledge about the different commonly performed gynaecological operations.

Some diseases can only be treated by doing operations. No operation or anaesthetic are completely risk free. Fortunately with our modern techniques the risks are very low. There is less risk involved in having an operation than in driving fifty kilometres in a automobile.

The aim of this page is to discuss all the common gynaecological operations and the possible complications and risks . This will help you to be better informed and to understand your medical attendant's explanations better.

A major concern among patients is " Is this operation really necessary?". Modern medical technology detect diseases frequently before they cause symptoms . This can cause a feeling that a procedure might not be necessary. Very few health professions will advise unnecessary procedures. Get all the information you can gather and discuss all the options with your doctor. If you still have doubts you are entitled to second or third opinions.

Modern technology introduced a large number op options. Terms like open surgery, closed surgery, laser , harmonic scalpel , laparoscopy , hysteroscopy and other scopes are commonplace.

We will first discuss the different techniques and than devote separate pages to each type of operation.


  Different Surgical Techniques

We will now discuss some of the commonly used modern techniques and terms.

 

Open versus Closed Surgery. Laparotomy versus Laparoscopy.

This discussion focus on abdominal (tummy operations). ( refer to Abdomen on the glossary page).
Laparotomy means to cut open. It originated from the ancient Greek words "laparo "( roughly equivalent to tummy ") and "tomea" ( to cut or cutting).
Laparoscopy means to look and in the abdominally surgery context it means to look inside the abdomen. The term originated from the ancient Greek words "laparo" and "Skopein" (to view).

Open surgery refers to all operations done through a laparotomy and closed surgery refers to all operations done through a laparoscope.

Laparoscopies were initially only used for diagnostic purposes. The internal organs and peritoneal cavity (refer to peritoneal cavity were viewed and diseases like endometriosis diagnosed . Only a very small incision at the belly button was required.

With improved techniques and instrumentation it is now possible to do a wide range of operations with the help of a laparoscope. No large incisions are required, just a few very small incisions at different sites on the tummy. This is referred to as closed surgery.

 

LASER SURGERY

The word laser is an abbreviation of of "Light Ampiflication by Stimulated Emision of Radiation." In plain language it means that light is past through a special device and that the light that leaves the device, is an intense nearly nondivergent beam . Depending on the type of laser , an immense amount of energy can be focussed on a small spot.

Laser beams are used in surgery to cut tissue, vaporise abnormal tissue or control bleeding. The frequency of the laser bean can be changed and by changing it the temperature at the point of contact is changed.

 

SCOPES

As explain above the name scope is derived from ancient Greek and means to view. There are many different types of scopes in use today but only three types are of importance here. The three are cystoscopes, hysteroscopes and laparoscopes.

A cystoscope is used to examine the interior of the bladder.The instrument is passed through the bladder opening ( uretrha) into the bladder cavity.

A hysteroscope is used to examine the cavity inside the uterus and it's lining ( the endometrium) . It will be discussed in more detail later.

A laparoscope is used to view and examined the peritoneal cavity and the internal organs.It is also discussed in more detail later.

 

Referrals to More Detailed Discussion of the Different Gynaecological Operations.

The operations , the indications and posible complications will be discussed.

HYSTERECTOMY
DD&C
HYSTEROSCOPY
LAPAROSCOPY
OVARIAN CYST REMOVAL
TUBAL LIGATION (sterilazation)
OOPHARECTOMY
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
CONE BIOPSY
MYOMECTOMY
OPERATIONS FOR PROLAPS
ANTERIOR / POSTERIOR REPAIRS
TUBOPLASTY OPERATIONS
ENDOMETRIAL DESTRUCTION (ABLATION)

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On the next page sonar examinations will be discussed.

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LAST UPDATE : 17/02/2002

 

 

Copyright FemaleHealthMadeSimple 2001

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